Environment_Infrastructure/setup/07-prod-ansible-bootstrap.md

# 07 - Prod Ansible Bootstrap

The purpose of this phase is to prepare the prod machines created by Terraform for Linux, security hardening, Docker, and Swarm. DB cluster software is not installed by this playbook; however, DB nodes join Swarm as workers.

## Ansible Installation

Ansible must be installed on the control machine, meaning your own computer. No agent is installed on target servers; SSH access is enough.

### Installation by Operating System

- **Ubuntu / Debian:**
  ```bash
  sudo apt update  
  sudo apt install -y pipx python3-venv  
  
  pipx ensurepath  
  export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"  
  
  pipx install --include-deps ansible
  pipx install ansible-lint
  ```

- **Fedora / Rocky Linux / RHEL:**
  ```bash
  sudo dnf install -y pipx python3-virtualenv
  
  pipx ensurepath
  export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
  
  pipx install --include-deps ansible
  pipx install ansible-lint
  ```

- **macOS (Homebrew):**
  ```bash
  brew install ansible
  ```

- **With Python Pip, on any platform:**
  ```bash
  pipx install --include-deps ansible
  pipx install ansible-lint
  ```

### Additional Python Dependencies

`passlib` is required on the control machine for the `password_hash` filter:

```bash
pipx inject ansible passlib
```

> If you installed with `pip`: `pip install passlib`

### Verify the Installation

Whichever method you used to install it, use the following commands to verify that the installation succeeded:

```bash
# Check the Ansible version and configuration paths
ansible --version

# Check which location the Ansible binary is running from
which -a ansible
```

## Running Ansible Commands

All commands must be run from the `ansible/prod/` directory. `ansible.cfg` automatically defines the inventory and `roles_path`.

### 0. Install Required Collections Once During Initial Setup

```bash
ansible-galaxy collection install -r ../requirements.yml
```

### 1. Connection Test (Ping)

```bash
ansible all -m ping
```

### 2. Run the Bootstrap Playbook

```bash
ansible-playbook prod-bootstrap.yml --ask-vault-pass
```

*Note: The `--ask-vault-pass` parameter asks for the Ansible Vault password; the StorageBox password is decrypted this way.*

### 3. Run Only a Specific Role (Tags)

```bash
ansible-playbook prod-bootstrap.yml --tags "hardening" --ask-vault-pass
```

## Target Machines

| Host | Role |
| --- | --- |
| `iklim-app-01` | Swarm manager + app worker |
| `iklim-app-02` | Swarm manager + app worker |
| `iklim-app-03` | Swarm manager + app worker |
| `iklim-db-01` | Manual DB cluster node |
| `iklim-db-02` | Manual DB cluster node |
| `iklim-db-03` | Manual DB cluster node |

## Recommended File Structure

```text
ansible/
  prod/
    ansible.cfg
    inventory/
      generated/
        prod.yml
    group_vars/
      all/
        vars.yml
        vault.yml
    prod-bootstrap.yml
  roles/
    base/
    hardening/
    docker/
    swarm/
    node_dirs/
    storagebox/
    storagebox_ssh_key/
    act_runner/
    db_stack/
```

## Base Role

Applied to all prod nodes:

- Package cache update
- `epel-release` — installed first as a separate task; `fail2ban`, `davfs2`, `htop`, and `btop` depend on this repo
- base packages, after `epel-release` is active:
  - `curl`
  - `wget`
  - `git`
  - `jq`
  - `tar`
  - `unzip`
  - `bash-completion`
  - `gettext` — required for envsubst in CI/CD deploy pipelines
  - `tree`
  - `ca-certificates`
  - `fail2ban`
  - `chrony`
  - `python3`
  - `python3-pip`
  - `python3-passlib` — for the `password_hash` filter (EPEL)
  - `htop` — interactive process monitoring (EPEL)
  - `btop` — resource monitor with graphical interface (EPEL)
- timezone: `Europe/Istanbul`
- hostname setup
- keyboard layout: `trq` (Turkish Q)
- chrony/NTP active

## Security Hardening Role

Applied to all prod nodes:

- SSH password auth is disabled.
- Root SSH login via password is disabled (`PermitRootLogin prohibit-password`); key-based root login remains active so Ansible can connect throughout the bootstrap.
- Only SSH key auth remains.
- `PermitEmptyPasswords no`
- `MaxAuthTries 3`
- `fail2ban` is enabled.
- Automatic security updates are enabled with `dnf-automatic`.
- The `iklim` system user is created and added to the `wheel` group; the password is read from vault.
- `firewalld` default: incoming deny (drop zone), outgoing allow.
- The SSH rule is first written as a rich rule to the `drop` zone, then the default zone is set to `drop`.
- SSH is opened only from the admin CIDR.
- DB ports are not opened publicly.

The Hetzner Cloud Firewall is considered the actual perimeter. firewalld is the second defense layer on the host.

## Docker Role

Required on all prod nodes, both app and db. Because DB nodes join the network as Swarm Workers, Docker Engine must be installed on every machine.

Packages to install:

- `docker-ce`
- `docker-ce-cli`
- `containerd.io`
- `docker-buildx-plugin`
- `docker-compose-plugin`

Installation will be done through the official Docker dnf repository (`https://download.docker.com/linux/rhel/docker-ce.repo`).

## Swarm Role

Prod Swarm will be set up with 3 managers:

1. `docker swarm init` on `iklim-app-01` (Advertise/data path addr: `10.20.10.11`)
2. `iklim-app-02` and `iklim-app-03` join as managers.
3. `iklim-db-01/02/03` join as workers.
4. Overlay network is created: `iklimco-net`
5. Node labels:
   - `iklim-app-*` -> `type=service`
   - `iklim-db-*` -> `role=db`, `db-index=01/02/03`, for Patroni node coordination
6. All nodes remain `AVAILABILITY=Active`.

The `db-index` labels are added through `iklim-app-01` in a separate play inside `prod-bootstrap.yml`, not by the swarm role.

## Node Directory Role

On all `iklim-app-*` nodes:
```text
/opt/iklimco/ssl
/opt/iklimco/init
/opt/iklimco/stacks
/opt/iklimco/vault/data
```

`/opt/iklimco/vault/data` is the host path volume of the Vault Raft node; it must be created separately on every app node. Swarm does not manage this directory as an overlay volume; if it is missing, the Vault container will not start.

On DB nodes:
```text
/opt/iklimco/db
/opt/iklimco/backup
```

## StorageBox DAVFS Mount Role

Applied to every node, all `iklim-app-*` and `iklim-db-*`.

### Prod Sub-Account

| Parameter | Variable | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Main account | `storagebox_account` | `u469968` |
| Sub-account | `storagebox_user` | `u469968-sub5` |
| WebDAV URL | `storagebox_url` | `https://u469968-sub5.your-storagebox.de/` |
| Mount point | `storagebox_mount_point` | `/mnt/storagebox` |

## StorageBox SSH Key Role

Applied to every node. The `/root/.ssh/id_ed25519_storagebox` ed25519 key pair is generated on the server. Uploading the generated public key to the StorageBox main account (SSH authorized_keys) is a separate manual step:

```bash
# For each node:
cat /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_storagebox.pub | \
  ssh -p 23 STORAGEBOX_USER@STORAGEBOX_USER.your-storagebox.de \
  "cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys"
```

## Act Runner Role

Applied to `iklim-app-*` nodes. Gitea Act Runner is installed on each app node and started as a systemd service. In prod, the runner runs on 3 app nodes; the deploy pipeline can be triggered on any of these runners.

## DB Stack Role

Applied to `iklim-db-*` nodes. On each DB node, it creates `/opt/iklimco/db` and `/opt/iklimco/backup` directories, as well as a local reference directory for MongoDB. The actual production configuration, including node-specific `mongod.conf`, replica set auth key, and Patroni configurations, is set up on StorageBox at `/mnt/storagebox/db/mongodb-0X/config/` and `/mnt/storagebox/db/postgresql-0X/config/` in the `08-prod-db-cluster-kurulum.md` step. etcd data is stored on local Docker named volumes (not StorageBox).

## /opt/iklimco/stacks/.env

Password variables required by the DB cluster stacks are stored in the `/opt/iklimco/stacks/.env` file. This file is stored on StorageBox as `prod/secrets/iklim.co/.env.stacks`. Before the first deploy, it is fetched on `iklim-app-01` with the following command:

```bash
scp -P 23 STORAGEBOX_USER@STORAGEBOX_USER.your-storagebox.de:prod/secrets/iklim.co/.env.stacks \
  /opt/iklimco/stacks/.env
chmod 600 /opt/iklimco/stacks/.env
```

## StorageBox Directory Structure

The `storagebox` Ansible rolü `storagebox_managed_directories` (`group_vars/all/vars.yml`) aracılığıyla aşağıdaki dizinleri bootstrap sırasında **otomatik** oluşturur. Manüel adım gerekmez:

- `/mnt/storagebox/ssl` → `SWAG_CERT_DIR`
- `/mnt/storagebox/swag/config` → `SWAG_CONFIG_DIR`
- `/mnt/storagebox/swag/site-confs` → `SWAG_SITE_CONFS_DIR`
- `/mnt/storagebox/grafana/data` → `GRAFANA_DATA_DIR`
- `/mnt/storagebox/precipitation/images`

StorageBox tüm app node'larında `/mnt/storagebox` olarak mount edildiğinden dizinler yalnızca bir kez oluşturulur; tüm node'lar ortaklaşa erişir. Prometheus yerel Docker named volume kullanır, StorageBox değil.

## Swarm Setup Verification

After bootstrap, check the Swarm status with the following commands:

```bash
# 6 nodes: 3 managers (Leader/Reachable), 3 workers (Ready)
docker node ls

# App node label
docker node inspect iklim-app-01 --format '{{.Spec.Labels}}'
# Expected: map[type:service]

# DB node label
docker node inspect iklim-db-01 --format '{{.Spec.Labels}}'
# Expected: map[db-index:01 role:db]

# swarm-init.sh idempotency — do not attempt init again in an already active Swarm
grep -n "swarm init\|swarm join" init/swarm-init.sh
```

## Acceptance Criteria

- `ansible all -m ping` succeeds.
- 3 Swarm manager nodes appear as Leader/Reachable in `docker node ls`.
- 3 DB nodes appear as Workers in `docker node ls`.
- Manager quorum is provided: 3 managers, 1 loss tolerated.
- The `iklimco-net` overlay network exists.
- Node labels (`type=service`, `role=db`, `db-index=01/02/03`) are verified with inspect.
- `swarm-init.sh` does not attempt init again in an active Swarm; it is idempotent.
- `/mnt/storagebox` is mounted on every node.
- The `/opt/iklimco/vault/data` directory exists on every app node.
- The `ssl`, `swag/config`, `swag/site-confs`, `grafana/data`, and `precipitation/images` directories exist on StorageBox.
- The Gitea Act Runner service is running on every app node.
- `/opt/iklimco/db` and `/opt/iklimco/backup` directories exist on DB nodes. Node-specific `mongod.conf` and other DB configurations are created on StorageBox (`/mnt/storagebox/db/...`) in the `08-prod-db-cluster-kurulum.md` step.
- Public firewall allows only `22`, `80`, and `443` ingress.